NMA with no covariates
We fit a random effects model using the nma() function
with trt_effects = "random". We use \(\mathrm{N}(0, 100^2)\) prior distributions
for the treatment effects \(d_k\) and
study-specific intercepts \(\mu_j\),
and a \(\textrm{half-N}(5^2)\) prior
for the heterogeneity standard deviation \(\tau\). We can examine the range of
parameter values implied by these prior distributions with the
summary() method:
summary(normal(scale = 100))
#> A Normal prior distribution: location = 0, scale = 100.
#> 50% of the prior density lies between -67.45 and 67.45.
#> 95% of the prior density lies between -196 and 196.
summary(half_normal(scale = 5))
#> A half-Normal prior distribution: location = 0, scale = 5.
#> 50% of the prior density lies between 0 and 3.37.
#> 95% of the prior density lies between 0 and 9.8.
Fitting the model with the nma() function. We increase
the target acceptance rate adapt_delta = 0.99 to minimise
divergent transition warnings.
af_fit_1 <- nma(af_net,
trt_effects = "random",
prior_intercept = normal(scale = 100),
prior_trt = normal(scale = 100),
prior_het = half_normal(scale = 5),
adapt_delta = 0.99)
#> Note: Setting "Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant" as the network reference treatment.
Basic parameter summaries are given by the print()
method:
af_fit_1
#> A random effects NMA with a binomial likelihood (logit link).
#> Inference for Stan model: binomial_1par.
#> 4 chains, each with iter=2000; warmup=1000; thin=1;
#> post-warmup draws per chain=1000, total post-warmup draws=4000.
#>
#> mean se_mean sd 2.5% 25% 50%
#> d[Acenocoumarol] -0.81 0.01 0.82 -2.56 -1.32 -0.76
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -1.02 0.02 1.37 -4.20 -1.78 -0.86
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.58 0.01 0.47 -0.35 0.28 0.58
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.94 0.01 0.41 0.12 0.68 0.93
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.47 0.01 0.47 -0.51 0.18 0.48
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.88 0.01 0.33 0.20 0.68 0.89
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.52 0.01 0.76 -1.05 0.03 0.53
#> d[Indobufen] 0.24 0.01 0.46 -0.66 -0.05 0.24
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.29 0.01 0.39 -1.04 -0.55 -0.29
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.61 0.00 0.22 0.17 0.47 0.62
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.51 0.01 0.35 -0.22 0.31 0.51
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.27 0.01 0.48 -0.68 -0.04 0.26
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.38 0.00 0.20 -0.02 0.25 0.39
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.75 0.00 0.21 0.33 0.62 0.76
#> d[Triflusal] 0.63 0.01 0.63 -0.55 0.22 0.62
#> d[Ximelagatran] -0.08 0.01 0.27 -0.61 -0.25 -0.08
#> lp__ -4771.09 0.20 6.96 -4786.15 -4775.35 -4770.77
#> tau 0.29 0.01 0.14 0.04 0.20 0.28
#> 75% 97.5% n_eff Rhat
#> d[Acenocoumarol] -0.26 0.74 3363 1.00
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -0.07 1.22 3134 1.00
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.89 1.49 2738 1.00
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 1.20 1.73 3193 1.00
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.78 1.40 2318 1.00
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1.10 1.54 2980 1.00
#> d[High dose aspirin] 1.03 1.98 3793 1.00
#> d[Indobufen] 0.55 1.16 3427 1.00
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.03 0.47 3012 1.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.76 1.03 1986 1.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.73 1.20 2913 1.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.57 1.21 2490 1.00
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.51 0.77 2157 1.00
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.89 1.15 1722 1.00
#> d[Triflusal] 1.04 1.89 3028 1.00
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.09 0.47 2873 1.00
#> lp__ -4766.46 -4758.00 1198 1.00
#> tau 0.37 0.59 680 1.01
#>
#> Samples were drawn using NUTS(diag_e) at Tue May 23 11:39:29 2023.
#> For each parameter, n_eff is a crude measure of effective sample size,
#> and Rhat is the potential scale reduction factor on split chains (at
#> convergence, Rhat=1).
By default, summaries of the study-specific intercepts \(\mu_j\) and study-specific relative effects
\(\delta_{jk}\) are hidden, but could
be examined by changing the pars argument:
# Not run
print(af_fit_1, pars = c("d", "mu", "delta"))
The prior and posterior distributions can be compared visually using
the plot_prior_posterior() function:
plot_prior_posterior(af_fit_1, prior = c("trt", "het"))
We can compute relative effects against placebo/standard care with
the relative_effects() function with the
trt_ref argument:
(af_1_releff <- relative_effects(af_fit_1, trt_ref = "Placebo/Standard care"))
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% Bulk_ESS
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.75 0.21 -1.15 -0.89 -0.76 -0.62 -0.33 1733
#> d[Acenocoumarol] -1.56 0.83 -3.30 -2.08 -1.52 -1.01 0.02 3092
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -1.78 1.37 -4.92 -2.52 -1.61 -0.84 0.49 3902
#> d[Dipyridamole] -0.17 0.43 -1.02 -0.46 -0.17 0.10 0.66 4138
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.18 0.45 -0.72 -0.10 0.18 0.48 1.05 2955
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] -0.28 0.42 -1.17 -0.54 -0.27 -0.01 0.53 3448
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.13 0.37 -0.63 -0.10 0.14 0.37 0.87 2823
#> d[High dose aspirin] -0.23 0.75 -1.74 -0.71 -0.22 0.25 1.22 4264
#> d[Indobufen] -0.51 0.51 -1.47 -0.84 -0.52 -0.19 0.50 2851
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.04 0.36 -1.76 -1.29 -1.04 -0.81 -0.33 4947
#> d[Low dose aspirin] -0.14 0.21 -0.55 -0.28 -0.14 0.00 0.29 3725
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] -0.24 0.41 -1.06 -0.48 -0.25 0.01 0.58 2316
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] -0.49 0.45 -1.39 -0.77 -0.49 -0.20 0.42 3516
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] -0.37 0.22 -0.83 -0.52 -0.36 -0.22 0.06 2838
#> d[Triflusal] -0.12 0.66 -1.38 -0.56 -0.15 0.31 1.21 2868
#> d[Ximelagatran] -0.83 0.34 -1.51 -1.04 -0.83 -0.62 -0.14 2410
#> Tail_ESS Rhat
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 2105 1
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 3144 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 2419 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 3142 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 2981 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 2625 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 2764 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 3251 1
#> d[Indobufen] 2807 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3374 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 2734 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 2481 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 2921 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 2916 1
#> d[Triflusal] 3055 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 2730 1
These estimates can easily be plotted with the plot()
method:
plot(af_1_releff, ref_line = 0)
We can also produce treatment rankings, rank probabilities, and
cumulative rank probabilities.
(af_1_ranks <- posterior_ranks(af_fit_1))
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS
#> rank[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 5.35 1.47 3 4 5 6 8.00 2492 3186
#> rank[Acenocoumarol] 2.93 2.94 1 1 2 3 13.00 3404 3420
#> rank[Alternate day aspirin] 3.67 4.21 1 1 2 4 16.03 4766 3862
#> rank[Dipyridamole] 11.17 3.87 3 8 11 14 17.00 3444 NA
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin] 14.14 3.02 7 13 15 17 17.00 3274 NA
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 10.14 3.95 3 7 10 13 17.00 2836 NA
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 14.04 2.72 7 13 15 16 17.00 2424 NA
#> rank[High dose aspirin] 10.41 5.19 2 6 11 16 17.00 4126 NA
#> rank[Indobufen] 8.12 4.09 2 5 8 11 16.00 3181 3133
#> rank[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3.80 2.21 1 2 3 5 9.00 3501 3417
#> rank[Low dose aspirin] 11.71 2.21 7 10 12 13 16.00 3286 3188
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 10.58 3.42 4 8 11 13 17.00 2560 2685
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 8.19 3.88 2 5 8 11 16.00 3202 2995
#> rank[Medium dose aspirin] 9.13 2.11 5 8 9 11 13.00 3678 3654
#> rank[Placebo/Standard care] 13.35 1.88 9 12 13 15 17.00 2723 3297
#> rank[Triflusal] 11.28 4.64 3 7 12 16 17.00 2735 NA
#> rank[Ximelagatran] 4.97 2.40 2 3 5 6 11.00 2707 2346
#> Rhat
#> rank[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1
#> rank[Acenocoumarol] 1
#> rank[Alternate day aspirin] 1
#> rank[Dipyridamole] 1
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin] 1
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[High dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Indobufen] 1
#> rank[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1
#> rank[Low dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 1
#> rank[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 1
#> rank[Medium dose aspirin] 1
#> rank[Placebo/Standard care] 1
#> rank[Triflusal] 1
#> rank[Ximelagatran] 1
plot(af_1_ranks)
(af_1_rankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_1))
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4] p_rank[5]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.19 0.28
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.37 0.30 0.10 0.05 0.03
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.47 0.17 0.07 0.04 0.03
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05
#> d[Indobufen] 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.08 0.08
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.08 0.23 0.25 0.16 0.09
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Triflusal] 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.02 0.09 0.17 0.21 0.17
#> p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8] p_rank[9] p_rank[10]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.24 0.13 0.05 0.02 0.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.08
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.04
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
#> d[Indobufen] 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.06
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.12
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.11
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.08
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.13 0.17 0.19 0.16
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04
#> d[Triflusal] 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.11 0.08 0.06 0.03 0.02
#> p_rank[11] p_rank[12] p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.14
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.06
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.12 0.18
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06
#> d[Indobufen] 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.11 0.06
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.07
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.12 0.07 0.04 0.01 0.00
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.09 0.15 0.20 0.21 0.17
#> d[Triflusal] 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.00
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.01 0.03
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.09 0.07
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.19 0.25
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.05 0.05
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.22 0.16
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.08 0.17
#> d[Indobufen] 0.03 0.02
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.03 0.01
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.05 0.03
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.03 0.02
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.09 0.03
#> d[Triflusal] 0.11 0.17
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00
plot(af_1_rankprobs)
(af_1_cumrankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_1, cumulative = TRUE))
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4] p_rank[5]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.02 0.09 0.28 0.56
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.37 0.67 0.78 0.83 0.86
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.47 0.64 0.71 0.75 0.78
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.09
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.09 0.13
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.07 0.13 0.19 0.23
#> d[Indobufen] 0.01 0.06 0.14 0.22 0.30
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.08 0.31 0.56 0.72 0.82
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.07
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.05 0.11 0.19 0.28
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[Triflusal] 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.14
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.02 0.11 0.29 0.50 0.66
#> p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8] p_rank[9] p_rank[10]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.80 0.93 0.98 0.99 1.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.89 0.92 0.93 0.95 0.96
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.89 0.90
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.13 0.18 0.26 0.34 0.43
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.10 0.14
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.19 0.28 0.36 0.44 0.53
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.12
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.28 0.34 0.39 0.44 0.49
#> d[Indobufen] 0.40 0.49 0.58 0.66 0.72
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.88 0.93 0.96 0.98 0.99
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.16 0.29
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.13 0.19 0.28 0.38 0.49
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.37 0.47 0.57 0.65 0.73
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.09 0.22 0.39 0.58 0.75
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.07
#> d[Triflusal] 0.19 0.25 0.32 0.37 0.43
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.78 0.86 0.92 0.95 0.97
#> p_rank[11] p_rank[12] p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.99
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.51 0.59 0.67 0.75 0.84
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.20 0.25 0.31 0.41 0.56
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.62 0.70 0.76 0.83 0.90
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.17 0.24 0.32 0.44 0.62
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.53 0.58 0.63 0.69 0.75
#> d[Indobufen] 0.77 0.82 0.87 0.91 0.94
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.45 0.62 0.79 0.90 0.96
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.59 0.69 0.78 0.85 0.92
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.79 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.95
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.87 0.94 0.98 0.99 1.00
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.16 0.31 0.50 0.71 0.88
#> d[Triflusal] 0.48 0.53 0.59 0.65 0.73
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.98 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 1.00 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.93 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.75 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.95 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.84 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.83 1
#> d[Indobufen] 0.98 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.99 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.97 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.98 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.97 1
#> d[Triflusal] 0.83 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 1.00 1
plot(af_1_cumrankprobs)
Network meta-regression adjusting for proportion of prior
stroke
We now consider a meta-regression model adjusting for the proportion
of individuals in each study with prior stroke, with shared interaction
coefficients by treatment class. The regression model is specified in
the nma() function using a formula in the
regression argument. The formula ~ .trt:stroke
means that interactions of prior stroke with treatment will be included;
the .trt special variable indicates treatment, and
stroke is in the original data set. We specify
class_interactions = "common" to denote that the
interaction parameters are to be common (i.e. shared) between treatments
within each class. (Setting
class_interactions = "independent" would fit model 2 of
Cooper et al. (2009) with separate interactions for
each treatment, data permitting.) We use the same prior distributions as
above, but additionally require a prior distribution for the regression
coefficients prior_reg; we use a \(\mathrm{N}(0, 100^2)\) prior distribution.
The QR
decomposition can greatly improve the efficiency of sampling for
regression models by decorrelating the sampling space; we specify that
this should be used with QR = TRUE, and increase the target
acceptance rate adapt_delta = 0.99 to minimise divergent
transition warnings.
af_fit_4b <- nma(af_net,
trt_effects = "random",
regression = ~ .trt:stroke,
class_interactions = "common",
QR = TRUE,
prior_intercept = normal(scale = 100),
prior_trt = normal(scale = 100),
prior_reg = normal(scale = 100),
prior_het = half_normal(scale = 5),
adapt_delta = 0.99)
#> Note: Setting "Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant" as the network reference treatment.
#> Warning: Bulk Effective Samples Size (ESS) is too low, indicating posterior means and medians may be unreliable.
#> Running the chains for more iterations may help. See
#> https://mc-stan.org/misc/warnings.html#bulk-ess
Basic parameter summaries are given by the print()
method:
af_fit_4b
#> A random effects NMA with a binomial likelihood (logit link).
#> Regression model: ~.trt:stroke.
#> Centred covariates at the following overall mean values:
#> stroke
#> 0.2957377
#> Inference for Stan model: binomial_1par.
#> 4 chains, each with iter=2000; warmup=1000; thin=1;
#> post-warmup draws per chain=1000, total post-warmup draws=4000.
#>
#> mean se_mean sd 2.5% 25% 50%
#> beta[.trtclassControl:stroke] 0.71 0.01 0.43 -0.12 0.42 0.71
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 0.94 0.01 0.42 0.09 0.68 0.94
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 3.90 0.03 2.14 -0.29 2.50 3.96
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 0.36 0.01 1.02 -1.70 -0.30 0.39
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] -0.89 0.02 1.34 -3.98 -1.64 -0.73
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.58 0.01 0.43 -0.29 0.31 0.58
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.63 0.01 0.38 -0.12 0.37 0.64
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 1.46 0.01 0.74 0.01 0.98 1.47
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1.00 0.00 0.30 0.42 0.79 0.99
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.43 0.01 0.75 -1.10 -0.07 0.44
#> d[Indobufen] -0.42 0.01 0.48 -1.39 -0.73 -0.41
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.42 0.01 0.38 -1.18 -0.67 -0.41
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.71 0.00 0.20 0.31 0.58 0.72
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.65 0.01 0.30 0.00 0.48 0.64
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.25 0.01 0.43 -0.66 -0.03 0.25
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.35 0.00 0.18 -0.02 0.23 0.35
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.79 0.00 0.19 0.43 0.67 0.79
#> d[Triflusal] 0.91 0.01 0.60 -0.24 0.50 0.90
#> d[Ximelagatran] -0.08 0.00 0.22 -0.51 -0.21 -0.08
#> lp__ -4771.15 0.25 7.28 -4786.07 -4775.87 -4770.84
#> tau 0.19 0.01 0.14 0.01 0.08 0.17
#> 75% 97.5% n_eff Rhat
#> beta[.trtclassControl:stroke] 0.99 1.59 4721 1
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 1.21 1.76 4919 1
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 5.23 8.16 4863 1
#> d[Acenocoumarol] 1.05 2.29 5070 1
#> d[Alternate day aspirin] 0.05 1.28 3150 1
#> d[Dipyridamole] 0.85 1.43 5351 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin] 0.89 1.38 5449 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 1.94 2.89 4650 1
#> d[Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 1.19 1.61 5126 1
#> d[High dose aspirin] 0.94 1.91 5914 1
#> d[Indobufen] -0.11 0.50 5038 1
#> d[Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.17 0.29 5108 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin] 0.85 1.10 4553 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.82 1.25 2518 1
#> d[Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.54 1.07 5431 1
#> d[Medium dose aspirin] 0.46 0.68 4532 1
#> d[Placebo/Standard care] 0.92 1.17 4705 1
#> d[Triflusal] 1.31 2.12 5863 1
#> d[Ximelagatran] 0.05 0.37 2871 1
#> lp__ -4766.14 -4757.74 879 1
#> tau 0.27 0.52 265 1
#>
#> Samples were drawn using NUTS(diag_e) at Tue May 23 11:40:15 2023.
#> For each parameter, n_eff is a crude measure of effective sample size,
#> and Rhat is the potential scale reduction factor on split chains (at
#> convergence, Rhat=1).
The estimated treatment effects d[] shown here
correspond to relative effects at the reference level of the covariate,
here proportion of prior stroke centered at the network mean value
0.296.
By default, summaries of the study-specific intercepts \(\mu_j\) and study-specific relative effects
\(\delta_{jk}\) are hidden, but could
be examined by changing the pars argument:
# Not run
print(af_fit_4b, pars = c("d", "mu", "delta"))
The prior and posterior distributions can be compared visually using
the plot_prior_posterior() function:
plot_prior_posterior(af_fit_4b, prior = c("reg", "het"))
We can compute relative effects against placebo/standard care with
the relative_effects() function with the
trt_ref argument, which by default produces relative
effects for the observed proportions of prior stroke in each study:
# Not run
(af_4b_releff <- relative_effects(af_fit_4b, trt_ref = "Placebo/Standard care"))
plot(af_4b_releff, ref_line = 0)
We can produce estimated treatment effects for particular covariate
values using the newdata argument. For example, treatment
effects when no individuals or all individuals have prior stroke are
produced by
(af_4b_releff_01 <- relative_effects(af_fit_4b,
trt_ref = "Placebo/Standard care",
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -0.58 0.23 -1.04 -0.74 -0.58 -0.43 -0.12
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] -1.37 0.83 -3.11 -1.89 -1.33 -0.81 0.17
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] -1.75 1.32 -4.79 -2.49 -1.61 -0.81 0.42
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] -0.29 0.46 -1.20 -0.58 -0.29 0.02 0.63
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.05 0.44 -0.82 -0.24 0.06 0.33 0.92
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] -0.27 0.34 -0.96 -0.49 -0.27 -0.05 0.41
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] -0.74 0.66 -2.04 -1.16 -0.74 -0.30 0.55
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] -0.43 0.79 -2.02 -0.96 -0.42 0.10 1.11
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] -1.28 0.57 -2.43 -1.65 -1.29 -0.92 -0.16
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.00 0.34 -1.66 -1.23 -1.00 -0.77 -0.35
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] -0.15 0.23 -0.59 -0.29 -0.15 0.00 0.30
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] -0.21 0.38 -0.97 -0.44 -0.22 0.01 0.56
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] -0.61 0.46 -1.56 -0.90 -0.60 -0.31 0.28
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] -0.52 0.27 -1.03 -0.70 -0.51 -0.34 -0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.05 0.63 -1.18 -0.37 0.05 0.46 1.34
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] -0.66 0.32 -1.29 -0.87 -0.67 -0.46 -0.02
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4664 3286 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 5057 2989 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 3681 2154 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 5600 2656 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 5151 3084 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 4269 2686 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 4598 2779 1
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 5825 3157 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 5023 2717 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 5407 3009 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 5162 2912 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3098 2302 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5168 2560 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 5065 3036 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 5910 2923 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 3646 2600 1
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.30 0.34 -2.00 -1.52 -1.30 -1.08 -0.62
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 1.81 2.30 -2.81 0.30 1.84 3.26 6.36
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] -1.53 1.35 -4.56 -2.29 -1.37 -0.59 0.71
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] -0.06 0.42 -0.92 -0.33 -0.06 0.21 0.75
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] -0.66 0.51 -1.65 -1.01 -0.66 -0.33 0.33
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 2.91 2.18 -1.41 1.50 2.94 4.29 7.20
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 2.44 1.64 -0.83 1.42 2.49 3.48 5.67
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] -0.21 0.73 -1.66 -0.71 -0.20 0.29 1.21
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] -1.06 0.52 -2.12 -1.39 -1.05 -0.72 -0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] -1.72 0.50 -2.76 -2.03 -1.71 -1.40 -0.74
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.08 0.29 -0.53 -0.11 0.08 0.27 0.62
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.40 -0.81 -0.22 0.02 0.25 0.76
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] -0.39 0.42 -1.25 -0.65 -0.38 -0.12 0.41
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] -0.29 0.25 -0.82 -0.44 -0.28 -0.13 0.18
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.28 0.66 -0.97 -0.18 0.28 0.71 1.59
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] -1.38 0.40 -2.19 -1.63 -1.38 -1.12 -0.58
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4691 2965 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 5022 3039 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 3751 2228 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 6141 2423 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 4991 2914 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 4878 2907 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 5010 3056 1
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 6233 2945 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 4837 2852 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4951 3083 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 5210 2582 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3302 2077 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5832 2182 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 4291 2122 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 5573 3258 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 4301 2444 1
plot(af_4b_releff_01, ref_line = 0)
The estimated class interactions (against the reference “Mixed”
class) are very uncertain.
plot(af_fit_4b, pars = "beta", stat = "halfeye", ref_line = 0)
The interactions are more straightforward to interpret if we
transform the interaction coefficients (using the consistency equations)
so that they are against the control class:
af_4b_beta <- as.array(af_fit_4b, pars = "beta")
# Subtract beta[Control:stroke] from the other class interactions
af_4b_beta[ , , 2:3] <- sweep(af_4b_beta[ , , 2:3], 1:2,
af_4b_beta[ , , "beta[.trtclassControl:stroke]"], FUN = "-")
# Set beta[Anti-coagulant:stroke] = -beta[Control:stroke]
af_4b_beta[ , , "beta[.trtclassControl:stroke]"] <- -af_4b_beta[ , , "beta[.trtclassControl:stroke]"]
names(af_4b_beta)[1] <- "beta[.trtclassAnti-coagulant:stroke]"
# Summarise
summary(af_4b_beta)
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5% Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-coagulant:stroke] -0.71 0.43 -1.59 -0.99 -0.71 -0.42 0.12 4797 3187
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 0.22 0.34 -0.46 0.01 0.23 0.44 0.86 4967 2630
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 3.18 2.16 -1.02 1.77 3.24 4.56 7.49 4916 2932
#> Rhat
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-coagulant:stroke] 1
#> beta[.trtclassAnti-platelet:stroke] 1
#> beta[.trtclassMixed:stroke] 1
plot(summary(af_4b_beta), stat = "halfeye", ref_line = 0)
There is some evidence that the effect of anti-coagulants increases
(compared to control) with prior stroke. There is little evidence the
effect of anti-platelets reduces with prior stroke, although the point
estimate represents a substantial reduction in effectiveness, and the
95% Credible Interval includes values that correspond to substantial
increases in treatment effect. The interaction effect of stroke on mixed
treatments is very uncertain, but potentially indicates a substantial
reduction in treatment effects with prior stroke.
We can also produce treatment rankings, rank probabilities, and
cumulative rank probabilities. By default (without the
newdata argument specified), these are produced at the
value of stroke for each study in the network in turn. To
instead produce rankings for when no individuals or all individuals have
prior stroke, we specify the newdata argument.
(af_4b_ranks <- posterior_ranks(af_fit_4b,
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> rank[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 7.75 1.86 4 6 8 9 11.03
#> rank[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 3.97 3.64 1 1 3 5 15.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 4.01 4.45 1 1 2 5 16.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 11.11 3.80 4 8 11 14 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 14.06 2.93 7 12 15 16 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 11.15 3.65 4 9 11 14 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 7.25 4.59 1 3 6 11 16.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 9.64 5.35 1 5 10 15 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 3.56 2.68 1 2 3 4 11.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4.63 2.51 1 3 4 6 11.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 12.82 2.00 9 12 13 14 16.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 11.98 3.03 5 10 12 14 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 7.85 3.63 2 5 7 10 16.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 8.62 2.22 4 7 9 10 13.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 14.26 1.86 10 13 15 16 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 13.33 4.05 4 11 15 17 17.00
#> rank[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 7.00 2.62 3 5 7 9 13.00
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> rank[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4102 3958 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 4980 3358 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 4613 3602 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 5586 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 4891 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 4527 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 4049 3024 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 5683 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 4456 2970 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 4540 2999 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 3529 2878 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3018 2124 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5728 3205 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 4255 3256 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 2901 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 5518 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 2928 2437 1
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> mean sd 2.5% 25% 50% 75% 97.5%
#> rank[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3.67 1.16 2 3 4 4 6
#> rank[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 13.18 4.44 1 14 15 16 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 4.51 4.00 1 1 3 7 14
#> rank[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 10.58 2.75 5 9 11 13 16
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 7.05 2.74 3 5 6 8 14
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 15.76 3.00 5 16 17 17 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 15.36 2.13 8 15 16 16 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 9.51 4.02 2 6 9 13 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 4.93 2.14 1 4 5 6 10
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 2.05 1.34 1 1 2 2 6
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 11.84 1.85 8 11 12 13 15
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 11.13 2.44 6 9 11 13 15
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 8.23 2.62 3 7 8 10 14
#> rank[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 8.67 1.72 6 8 8 10 12
#> rank[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 11.23 1.91 8 10 11 13 15
#> rank[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 12.09 3.10 5 10 13 14 17
#> rank[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 3.20 1.51 1 2 3 4 7
#> Bulk_ESS Tail_ESS Rhat
#> rank[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 3244 3408 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 4513 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 4310 3449 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 4998 2978 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 4273 3021 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 3177 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 3111 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 5044 2910 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 4228 1900 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 2886 2961 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 4084 3159 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 3307 2576 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 5377 2837 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 3981 3223 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 4159 2961 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 4616 NA 1
#> rank[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 3098 2950 1
plot(af_4b_ranks)
(af_4b_rankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_4b,
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.26 0.24 0.14 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.44 0.14 0.09 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.09 0.12 0.11
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.07
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.16 0.28 0.20 0.12
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.04 0.13 0.21 0.21
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.11
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.07 0.16 0.20 0.20
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.14 0.09 0.05 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.17
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.12
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.16 0.11 0.04 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.09
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.17
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.14
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.19 0.13 0.10 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.03
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.08 0.08 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.08 0.10 0.13
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.10 0.10 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.04 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.05 0.04 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.21 0.19 0.12
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.12 0.12 0.10
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.04 0.03 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.03 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.14 0.19 0.24
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.05 0.06 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.09 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.19 0.23
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.07 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.08 0.14
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.08 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.19 0.08
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.13 0.32
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.12 0.32 0.34
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.36 0.10 0.04 0.07
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.19
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.42 0.34 0.12 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.08 0.26 0.31 0.18
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.14 0.04 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.10
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.19 0.25 0.14 0.08
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.06 0.10 0.10 0.08
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.25 0.16 0.08 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.06 0.13 0.19 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.06 0.17 0.26
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.01
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.11
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.12 0.18 0.22
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.12 0.09 0.07 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.22 0.14 0.08 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.11 0.17 0.21 0.18
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.02 0.05 0.44
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.03 0.03 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.13 0.10 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.03 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.27
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.09 0.13 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.21 0.11 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.17 0.10 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.03 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.14 0.07 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.11 0.33 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.20 0.07
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.02 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.20 0.65
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.49 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.01 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.03 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.00
# Modify the default output with ggplot2 functionality
library(ggplot2)
plot(af_4b_rankprobs) +
facet_grid(Treatment~Study, labeller = label_wrap_gen(20)) +
theme(strip.text.y = element_text(angle = 0))
(af_4b_cumrankprobs <- posterior_rank_probs(af_fit_4b, cumulative = TRUE,
newdata = data.frame(stroke = c(0, 1),
label = c("stroke = 0", "stroke = 1")),
study = label))
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 0 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 0
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.26 0.49 0.63 0.72
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.44 0.58 0.67 0.73
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.05
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.05 0.14 0.26 0.37
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.04 0.10 0.17 0.24
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.16 0.44 0.64 0.77
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.04 0.17 0.38 0.59
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.01 0.04 0.10 0.20
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.16
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.10 0.26 0.46 0.66
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.77 0.82 0.85 0.87
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.77 0.80 0.82 0.84
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.06
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.24
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.46 0.53 0.59 0.64
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.31 0.37 0.40 0.45
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.84 0.88 0.91 0.94
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.73 0.82 0.87 0.91
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.13
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.31 0.42 0.51 0.60
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.08 0.18 0.31 0.48
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.16
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.32 0.48 0.63 0.75
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.82 0.93 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.89 0.92 0.93 0.95
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.86 0.88 0.89 0.91
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.33 0.41 0.51 0.61
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.08 0.12 0.19 0.27
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.31 0.40 0.50 0.59
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.69 0.73 0.78 0.82
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.49 0.54 0.59 0.63
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.95 0.97 0.98 0.98
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.94 0.96 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.06 0.12 0.24 0.40
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.19 0.28 0.40 0.54
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.68 0.76 0.82 0.88
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.66 0.80 0.90 0.96
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.16
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.19 0.24 0.29 0.35
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.83 0.89 0.94 0.97
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 0.96 0.97 0.98
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.93 0.94 0.96
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.69 0.77 0.85
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.34 0.44 0.58
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.69 0.79 0.88
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.86 0.90 0.94
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.68 0.72 0.78
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 0.99 0.99 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.61 0.80 0.92
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.66 0.78 0.88
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.92 0.95 0.97
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.30 0.49 0.72
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.40 0.47 0.55
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 0.98 0.99 1.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 0: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Acenocoumarol] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Alternate day aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Dipyridamole] 0.94 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.77 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.95 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[stroke = 0: High dose aspirin] 0.86 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Indobufen] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin] 0.98 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.96 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Medium dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Placebo/Standard care] 0.92 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Triflusal] 0.68 1
#> d[stroke = 0: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1
#>
#> ------------------------------------------------------------- Study: stroke = 1 ----
#>
#> Covariate values:
#> stroke
#> 1
#>
#> p_rank[1] p_rank[2] p_rank[3] p_rank[4]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.01 0.14 0.46 0.80
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.09
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.36 0.47 0.51 0.58
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.10
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.10
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.04 0.12 0.23 0.41
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.42 0.76 0.88 0.94
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.05
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.08 0.35 0.66 0.84
#> p_rank[5] p_rank[6] p_rank[7] p_rank[8]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.95 0.98 0.99 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.66 0.75 0.79 0.84
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.03 0.07 0.15 0.25
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.29 0.54 0.68 0.77
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.16 0.26 0.36 0.44
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.67 0.83 0.91 0.95
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 0.97 0.99 0.99 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.02 0.03 0.08 0.15
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.11 0.24 0.44 0.60
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.02 0.08 0.24 0.50
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.07
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.03 0.06 0.11 0.16
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 0.93 0.97 0.99 0.99
#> p_rank[9] p_rank[10] p_rank[11] p_rank[12]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.22
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.86 0.89 0.91 0.93
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.36 0.48 0.60 0.72
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.82 0.87 0.91 0.94
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.51 0.57 0.63 0.69
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.10 0.22 0.40 0.62
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.25 0.38 0.52 0.67
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.72 0.81 0.88 0.93
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.72 0.86 0.94 0.98
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.18 0.35 0.56 0.74
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.22 0.28 0.34 0.42
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> p_rank[13] p_rank[14] p_rank[15]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.24 0.29 0.73
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 0.96 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.84 0.94 0.97
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 0.97 0.99 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.09 0.11 0.15
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.07 0.08 0.35
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.78 0.91 0.96
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 0.83 0.94 0.98
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.85 0.95 0.98
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 0.96 0.98 0.99
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 0.99 1.00 1.00
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 0.89 0.96 0.98
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.53 0.86 0.92
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1.00 1.00
#> p_rank[16] p_rank[17]
#> d[stroke = 1: Standard adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Acenocoumarol] 0.93 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Alternate day aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Dipyridamole] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + low dose aspirin] 0.35 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Fixed dose warfarin + medium dose aspirin] 0.84 1
#> d[stroke = 1: High dose aspirin] 0.97 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Indobufen] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low adjusted dose anti-coagulant] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + copidogrel] 0.99 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Low dose aspirin + dipyridamole] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Medium dose aspirin] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Placebo/Standard care] 1.00 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Triflusal] 0.95 1
#> d[stroke = 1: Ximelagatran] 1.00 1
plot(af_4b_cumrankprobs) +
facet_grid(Treatment~Study, labeller = label_wrap_gen(20)) +
theme(strip.text.y = element_text(angle = 0))
